Generalized nonferrous metal also includes nonferrous alloys. Nonferrous alloys is a non-ferrous metal as the substrate ( typically greater than 50% ), adding one or several other elements constituting the alloy.

Types and characteristics:

Nonferrous metal is iron, chromium, manganese three metal all metals. In 1958 China iron, chromium, manganese, will be included in the black metal; and the iron, chromium, manganese and 64 outside the metal included in the nonferrous metal. These 64 kinds of nonferrous metals including aluminum, magnesium, potassium,: sodium, calcium, strontium, barium, copper, lead, zinc, tin, cobalt, nickel, cadmium, bismuth, antimony, mercury, gold, silver, platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, beryllium, lithium, rubidium, cesium zirconium, hafnium, titanium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, tungsten, molybdenum, gallium, indium, germanium, thallium, rhenium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, scandium, yttrium, silicon, boron, selenium,, tellurium, arsenic, thorium.

Nonferrous metal kind

In the history, production tools and materials used in continuous improvement and development of human society, it is closely related to the. The historian had artifacts use material to mark the historical period, such as the stone age, the bronze age, the iron age and so on. By the end of the seventeenth Century by human understanding and application of the nonferrous metal 8. The Chinese nation in the nonferrous metal the discovery and production has been a significant contribution (see history of metallurgy ). Enter after eighteenth Century, the rapid development of science and technology, promote a lot of new nonferrous metal elements found in. The above 64 kinds of nonferrous metal in seventeenth Century have been known applications of 8, in eighteenth Century a total of 13 species found. Discovered in nineteenth Century 39, entered in twentieth Century, and found 4.

Nonferrous alloy strength and hardness than the pure metal is high, resistance than the pure metal, small temperature coefficient of resistance, has good comprehensive mechanical properties. Commonly used nonferrous alloys of aluminum alloy, copper alloy, magnesium alloy, nickel alloy, tin alloy, titanium alloy, titanium alloy, zinc alloy, molybdenum, zirconium alloy.

Use:

A: non-ferrous metals of copper is one of the earliest use of metal materials. Modern, non-ferrous metals and their alloys has become a mechanical manufacturing industry, construction industry, electronic industry, aerospace, nuclear energy and other fields are indispensable structural materials and functional materials.

B: practical application of nonferrous metal, usually divided into 5 categories:

1 light metal. Density of less than 4500 kg / m3, such as aluminum, magnesium, potassium, sodium, calcium, strontium, barium.

2 heavy metal. Density greater than 4500 kg / M 3, such as copper, nickel, cobalt, lead, zinc, tin, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, mercury and other.

The 3 noble metal. Price than the commonly used metal expensive, crustal abundance is low, difficult to be purified, such as gold, silver and platinum group metals.

4 semi - metal. Property prices in metal and non metal, such as silicon, arsenic, selenium, tellurium, such as boron.

5 rare metal. Includes a rare earth metal, such as lithium, rubidium, cesium;

Rare refractory metals, such as titanium, zirconium, molybdenum, tungsten and other;

Rare and scattered metal, such as gallium, indium, germanium, thallium;

Rare earth metals, scandium, yttrium, such as lanthanum metal;

Radioactive metal, such as radium polonium francium,, and a series of uranium, thorium and other elements.

Nonferrous metals usually refers to the removal of iron (sometimes removing manganese and chromium ) and iron based alloy for all the metals except. Nonferrous metals can be divided into four categories:

1 heavy metal: general density in 4.5g / cm3 above, such as copper, lead, zinc and other;

2 light metal: low density ( 0.53 ~ 4.5g / cm3 ), the active chemical properties, such as aluminum, magnesium and other.

3: precious metals in the earth's crust, extraction of difficult, high price, high density, stable chemical properties, such as gold, silver, platinum and other;

4 rare metal such as tungsten, molybdenum,: germanium, lithium, uranium, la.

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